A/HRC/25/63, Feb. 7, 2014. of State, 2012 Human Rights Report: Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Arrest Procedures and Treatment While in Detention, http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2012/eap/204210.htm, Apr. [6] According to the Library of Congress, the judiciary does not exercise constitutional review. 104 pays l'ont supprimée pour tous les crimes, 9 seulement pour les crimes de droit commun et 28 n'y ont pas eu recours depuis au moins dix ans et semblent avoir pour pratique officielle ou officieuse de s'abstenir de procéder à une exécution, même si elle reste en vigueur. ??? 60, Mar. [2] BBC, Country Profiles: North Korea Profile, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15258878, May 23, 2013. [56] We conclude that while there is no mandatory death penalty in North Korea, the death penalty is applied in an arbitrary and perfunctory fashion and is largely a tool of oppression used by the executive. 90, U.N. Doc. [9] David Johnson & Franklin Zimring, The Next Frontier, p. 362, Oxford University Press, 2009. [47] It is impossible to predict what kinds of “offenses” will be prosecuted as death-eligible, or indeed what legal provisions lead to convictions and death sentences. [14], By the end of our research, there were no known reports of foreign nationals on death row, [15] although this could be related to the secrecy surrounding the death penalty in North Korea. Si elle est prévue dans 93 des 192 pays ayant des textes de loi dans ce sens, seule une vingtaine d'entre eux continuent à la dispenser. 11, 2010. [20], We found no evidence of juveniles under sentence of death, but this could be due to the intense secrecy surrounding the application of the death penalty. [59] However, we do not believe there is any legally mandatory death penalty in North Korea. La fusillade est la seconde méthode la plus employée dans le monde : le Bélarus, la Chine, la Corée du Nord, la Somalie, le Yémen, et Taiwan optent pour cette façon de faire. [11] Kang Mi Jin, Criminal Code Inciting Border Fears, Daily NK, http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=11885, May 21, 2014. [1] North Korea Criminal Code, art. A/62/PV.76, Dec. 18, 2007. [14] North Korea Addendum to the Criminal Code for Ordinary Crimes, art. [32] Gulf News, North Korean official ‘executed by flame-thrower’, http://gulfnews.com/news/world/other-world/north-korean-official-executed-by-flame-thrower-1.1316606, Apr. [19] U.N.G.A., 67th Session, 60th Plenary Meeting, pp. [28], At least 3. 8, Dec. 19, 2007. 57, U.N. Doc. [89] The Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Sep. 8, 1948, last amended Apr. Choe Sang-Hun, North Korea has executed a deputy premier, Seoul Reports, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/01/world/asia/north-korea-executes-deputy-premier.html?_r=0, The New York Times, Aug. 31, 2016. ??? 19, 2013. [5] Amnesty Intl., Death Sentences and Executions in 2018, p. 24, ACT 50/9870/2019, Apr. Some executions are reported in the media (with information from South Korean sources), but media reports are not always accurate. [47] U.S. Dept. [23], No. Marie-Orange Rivé-Lasan, maître de conférence à l'Université Paris Diderot, a participé à la mission d'enquête de la FIDH sur la peine de mort en Corée du Nord. A/HRC/25/63, Feb. 7, 2014. ??? 16- 17, U.N. Doc. [15] Adherence to fair trial standards and due process seems unlikely as both the women and the man were allegedly publicly tried and executed. [5] U.N. ICCPR, Human Rights Committee, Consideration of Reports Submitted by States Parties Under Article 40 of the Covenant, Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee, p. 3, U.N. Doc. [67] In practice, the government executes individuals without meaningful recourse to judicial process. [33] The Central Court (which consists of a presiding judge, two vice-presidential judges, and an unknown number of other judges) has original jurisdiction over serious crimes against the State, so there is no appeal from a capital conviction for such a crime. [27] North Korea Criminal Code, art. [27] We believe that most capital charges in North Korea are brought for political crimes, [28] which means that many executed prisoners may have been sentenced without legal representation or even trials. 4 / La peine de mort en Corée du Nord: dans les rouages d’un Etat totalitaire - FIDH Sommaire exécutif La République populaire démocratique de Corée (ou Corée du Nord) fait partie des 58 pays à travers le monde où la peine de mort reste en vigueur, et l’un des 21 pays ayant procédé à des exécutions en 2012. [4] Amnesty Intl., North Korea: Political Prison Camps, Punishment and torture in the camps, ASA 24/001/2011, May 3, 2011. U.N.G.A., 63rd Session, Note Verbale dated 10 February 2009, U.N. Doc. exécuté; La peine de mort - Nevada; Exécution : 6 décembre 1985; Méthode d'exécution : injection létale; Carroll Cole ; Exécutions aux États-Unis; Innocentés dans ce pays; Principales actualités; [37] Others are tied with ropes, hanged upside down and subjected to electric shocks. [2] Amnesty Intl., North Korea: Political Prison Camps, Kwanliso (political prison camps), ASA 24/001/2011, May 3, 2011. [38] The Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, art. This is the number of executions reported in the media (which often obtain their information from South Korean sources), but media reports are not always accurate. [email protected] CCPR/CO/72/PRK, Aug. 27, 2001. [13] Choe Sang-Hun & Rick Gladstone, Cheating Death, and the Rumor Mill, in North Korea, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/20/world/asia/north-korean-performer-reported-executed-appears-on-television.html?_r=0, N.Y. Times, May 19, 2014. of State, 2009 Human Rights Report: Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/eap/135995.htm, Mar. [14] He also pointed out the vagueness of the terms used in death penalty provisions that allow for the imposition of the death penalty to be subjective and arbitrary. [email protected], Amnesty Intl., North Korea: Political Prison Camps, ASA 24/001/2011, May 3, 2011. Amnesty International reports that there were at least 30 executions. 171, Dec. 16, 1966, http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-4&chapter=4&lang=en, last accessed Sep. 17, 2013. 19, Dec. 19, 2007. Elle est fréquemment utilisée contre les plus vulnérables dans la société, notamment les pauvres, les minorités ethniques et religieuses, et les personnes souffrant d’un handicap mental. 30, 2010. [22] North Korea is a party to the ICCPR and has not made reservations to article 6(5), which bans the sentence of death for crimes committed by a person under the age of eighteen. ? We have listed publicized executions from the last few years, but it is very likely that this list is far from complete. [10] U.N.G.A., Human Rights Council, Report of the commission of inquiry on human rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, para. [22] Jane Onyanga-Omara, Report: N. Korea executes officials for ‘enraging’ Kim Jong Un, http://www.cnbc.com/2017/02/27/report-n-korea-executes-officials-for-enraging-kim-jong-un.html, CNBC, Feb. 27, 2017. Mun Dong Hui, Amateur surgeons executed, woman murdered in Pyongyang, Daily NK, https://www.dailynk.com/english/amateur-surgeons-executed-woman-murdered-pyongyang/, Nov. 26, 2019. [23], Trahison.Treason, which includes defection and political opposition, is punishable by death. In its final report in February 2014, the Commission described “gross human rights violations” involving detention, executions and disappearances as “characterized by a high degree of centralized coordination between different parts of the extensive security apparatus.” [7] People suspected of political offenses are detained incommunicado and their families are not informed of their fate, even if they die. [83] Her parents, husband and three children were sent to a political prison camp. [13] U.N.G.A., 71st Session, Promotion and protection of human rights: human rights questions, including alternative approaches for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms, paras. There is no reliable source of data regarding death row numbers or executions in North Korea and estimates vary. 26, 2014. [24]. [60] Amnesty reports that executions were carried out for murder and cannibalism in 2013. Depuis le 18 septembre 1981, par 363 voix contre 117, la peine de mort est abolie en France. 16- 17, U.N. Doc. [15] Ha Yoon Ah, Drug dealer executed in South Hamgyong Province, Daily NK, https://www.dailynk.com/english/drug-dealer-executed-in-south-hamgyong-province/, Apr. 15, 2008. [65] U.S. Dept. En revanche la peine de mort est toujours appliquée dans 57 États tels que les États-Unis, la Corée du Nord, le Liban, le Pakistan ou encore la Chine. 9, U.N. Doc. [27] Amnesty Intl. [34] The provincial courts (which consist of three-judge panels) have original jurisdiction over other serious crimes, so some capital convictions may be appealed to the Central Court. [4], Viol n’ayant pas entraîné la mort.An “especially serious” case of rape is punishable by death. [26] North Korea Criminal Code, art. 30, 2010. 13, U.N. Doc. [18] Amnesty Intl., Death Sentences and Executions in 2013, p. 25, ACT 50/001/2014, Mar. Les modes d’exécution des condamnés varient d’un pays à l’autre. [22] It is unclear whether these executions were carried out after any judicial process or determination. exécuté; La peine de mort - Texas; Exécution : 5 novembre 2009; Méthode d'exécution : injection létale; Documents associés. Although we did not find specific articles legislating these offenses, they might have been prosecuted under any of the broadly-worded provisions listed above. [18] Amnesty Intl., North Korea: Political Prison Camps, Camp conditions in Yodok, ASA 24/001/2011, May 3, 2011. Richard Parry, North Korea executes top official Pak Nam Gi who oversaw currency revaluation, The Sunday Times, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article7066576.ece, Mar. 25, 2012. Ha Yoon Ah, Fortune teller executed by firing squad in North Korea, Daily NK, https://www.dailynk.com/english/fortune-teller-executed-by-firing-squad/, Dec. 19, 2018. Possession de drogue.While we did not find legislative provisions specifically mandating death for drug possession, the Anti-Death Penalty Asia Network reported that North Korea is among the few countries that impose death sentences for possession of drugs over a certain amount. Due to the intense secrecy surrounding capital punishment, exact figures are impossible to come by. §2. 19, 2010. A/62/PV.76, Dec. 18, 2007. [45] Amnesty Intl., Death Sentences and Executions 2009, p. 15, ACT 50/001/2010, Mar. [9] Yaron Steinbuch, North Korean Official Reportedly Executed for Breaking Coronavirus Quarantine, New York Post, https://nypost.com/2020/02/13/north-korean-official-reportedly-executed-for-breaking-coronavirus-quarantine/, Feb. 13, 2020.